all started as usual: almost a year fanned the desire of the owner to part with certified interpreter Luftwaffe. This document is interesting because it confirms assumption: Goering had its own school of translators who were not bound to the imperial guild of interpreters, as opposed to schools OKH. As a result - their own examiners and their own testimony. In the photo - a document certifying qualifications of an interpreter on the results exam on the knowledge of the French language in a school in the Luftwaffe. As you can see, the document is issued military authority, without the participation of RfD.
However, when coupled certified interpreter came other documents were opened even more curious fact: prior to the transfer of military service in late 1943, Sergeant Grumbreht (born in London and who spoke English, French, English, Italian and Russian) from 1935, is an officer of the so-called "Research Control of the Ministry of Aeronautics Imperial ( Forschungsamt / RLM ) - initially in the Hamburg branch, then - in Danzig (Forschungsleitstelle Ost). This agency is under a roof Gehring aviation really did not have anything in common, organizationally subordinate to the State Ministry of Prussia and was a pocket Hering's intelligence agency. "Research Management" provides a technical intelligence and counterintelligence, was engaged in interception and deciphering of telephone conversations and radio transmissions in the Reich and abroad, including diplomatic channels. One of the merits of management was offset Blomberg. The activities of this institution in a nutshell is well told Julian Semenov:
"FA" or "Forshungsamt" - so called secret agency, reporting directly to Goering, the absolute with encrypted - "research institutions" and nothing else ... When Jan Masaryk, the Czech ambassador in London, by telephone, told the president of the republic Benes of the impending agreement between Hitler and Chamberlain relatively the division of Czechoslovakia, he had no idea that his talks carefully recorded in one of the departments of the Air Ministry in Berlin, Shillershtrasse.
"Acquaintance with the contents of Hitler's secret phone calls to explain why he behaved so confidently during negotiations and Chamberlain, "- wrote the British historian David Irving in his book" Hitler's path to war ".
" Abwehr, Gestapo and SD, - the historian, - Knows almost everyone, but "Forshungsamt" for many completely unknown. "The" FA "was a powerful anonymous authority, which held in their hands the fate of millions of Germans. With access to the 6,000 employees, eavesdropping stations in 15 major German cities, representatives in all post offices, specialists and cipher decoder, "FA" is better than any other institution in those days, spying for the Germans. The average auditioned in 1000 phones. Only in Berlin officials "FA" read every day about 34,000 telegrams of domestic values and about 9000 telegrams from abroad.
remarkably high performance decoder was: during the war, they deciphered a month 3,000 telegrams foreign diplomats. "FA" overheard conversations European diplomats with his ministers as well as the European cable system passes through Berlin and Vienna. "FA" followed not only for foreigners but also for his party functionaries. Gauleiter Julius Streicher equally closely watched and at Goebbels's mistress, and for the Wiedemann, Hitler's adjutant, and for the environment Canaris, and for the parties to assassinate Hitler.
Reports "FA", which were printed on brown paper with the eagle (because of this, in a small circle called "brown birds"), often caused by their appearance panic and confusion in institutions Reich. "Brown birds" began shares of persecution, which often ended in a concentration camp and the gallows. Believe that in January - April 1945, almost all materials "FA" were burned. This explains the fact that historians until recently had face with traces of "the FA." Neither in the encyclopedia Britannica or the "vocabulary of German, history," the name of the institution does not appear. Only in the late fifties, British historian Donald Watts in one of the archives in London came across a folder of 83 pages that lay in the captured German documents and belonged to the "FA". The folder was titled as follows: "The British policy of the Munich agreement before the war began." It was a great godsend. The folder contained all the negotiations that led British ambassador in Berlin with her government, which was unfamiliar to even the British post-war historians.
His birth "FA" must Gottfrid Schapper Junk First World War. He came with his project to Hitler; he sent it to Goering, who had just formed a Ministry of Aviation. Goering was delighted with the proposals Schapper - is meant to strengthen its power. "FA" functions were transferred to eavesdrop intercom. With every passing month and each year has expanded the sphere of influence services "FA". Station eavesdropping worked in greenhouses and Glienicke (near Berlin), in Cologne, Nuremberg, Hamburg. It was only the beginning. Old building in the Ministry of Aviation has long could not accommodate this organization, which had by 1935, 15 departments and six groups.
"PA" has moved into a block of houses, called Shillerkolonnade in the region Berlin-Charlottenburg. The Nazis quickly learned to use the materials, "FA" against his political enemies both abroad and within Germany. At the end of 1933 messages "FA" prevented a group of evangelical clergy overthrow reyhsepiskopa Ludwig Müller, a close Nazis. Six months later Goering joined Reichschancellery with a new controversial message: "FA" overhear the conversation of the leading figures of the SA, who spoke disapprovingly of the Fuhrer. SA chief Ernst Rohm floated the idea of "second revolution" and establish even contact with the French Ambassador Andre Francois-Poncet. June 30, 1934 Hitler cracked down on with their opponents. The first successes of "FA" in the interpretation of foreign codes enhance its role in Nazi foreign policy. Fuhrer demanded that he be previously reported on the intentions of foreign powers, and made the "FA" are increasingly working in this direction.
In 1937, "FA" able to decipher complex codes of the French and nearly all English. But little by little "brown birds" were tired of Hitler, and they interfered with his "Intuition". For example, he refused to believe reports "FA", that Britain would start a war against the German Wehrmacht in the event of an attack on Poland. Slowly Fuhrer stopped reading the reports, "the FA" because it was "pessimistic stuff." FA "has lost its role as lead agency and comply utility function with respect to military establishments. In spite of this, "FA" could be written into your account successfully conducted espionage operations.
So, in 1944, "FA" code deciphered the French Resistance, which indicated that after a certain keyword, transferred English, will begin landing on the shores of France's allies ... However, the more hopeless became Hitler's war, the less importance was attached to "FA" ...
articles in the German press: see here and here
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